脂肪酸
The fatty acid is carboxylic acid of 1 value of the long chain hydrocarbon. I call things more than thing with much number of the carbon, 12 in particular higher fatty acid generally. I can express it in general formula CnHmCOOH. The fatty acid does esterification of glycerin and constitutes oils and fats. It is used as a constitution ingredient of the lipid, and it is metabolized as an energy source among many living bodies including the Homo sapiens aerobically (beta oxidation). It points at the organic acid which is constitution ingredients such as oils and fats and wax, the lipid in a wide sense, but there are many cases to show monocarboxylic acid merely chain-shaped in a narrow sense in. There are various names by the number of the carbon and the number of the double bond, and not only the form of chain but also the fatty acid including the ramification chain is found. In addition, the fatty acid having an annulation is found, too. Fatty acid(fatty acid) It is classified mainly by number of the carbon and having unsaturation combination or not. I am various, but the classification by the non-color saturation obeys the following classifications basically. In addition, as for the unsaturated fatty acid, the following classifications are accomplished whether the number of double bond is 1 whether it is a plural number. In addition, names are different by having double bond or not and a difference of the number of the carbon. I speak below the details. By chance several fatty acid occupies the most the number of the carbon basically so that two number of the carbon increases when the fatty acid catches the biosynthesis, but the fatty acid of the odd number unit can be composed the number of the carbon by receiving alpha oxidation. I compile below the classification method except the non-color saturation. In addition, the classification by the number of the carbon makes another clause. The glossology of the fatty acid is defined by IUPAC biochemistry glossology. (in addition, mark Rule Lip- of this clause)…It is the fatty series thing carboxylic acid which the) fatty acid showing a knob number of the glossology does hydrolysis of natural fat, and is provided. (Rule Lip-1.1) that a word called free fatty acid (free fatty acids) and non-esterification fatty acid (nonesterified fatty acids) used widely is used, but should abolish isolation and the modifier called the non-esterification slowly. In addition, FFA which is these acronym and (Rule Lip-1.14) that you should not use NEFA. In other words, you should call the thing that number of the carbon 3 is not included in the following natural fat with fatty series thing carboxylic acid closely, but are called fatty acid as the general term. In addition, there is a case to show a fat acid radical in a word called the acyl (the basis), but the acyl (acyl) depends on IUPAC organic compound glossology. The acyl has normal chain structure of arbitrary length, but, as for the fatty acid of the IUPAC biochemistry glossology, number of the carbon 4 points at the above-mentioned thing. And the number of the carbon is invited to the (C10) fatty acid more than 10 with higher fatty acid (higher fatty acids). (Rule Lip-1.2) Fatty acid and the naming of the acyl radical obey IUPAC organic compound glossology (Rule C-4);, in addition, show it on the face below about permission specific epithet and the cable address. A method (an example) how this which I use Greek characters with unsaturated fatty acid having double bond more than 2 so far, and showed an isomer (example α - - γ - linolenic acid) enumerates the position numbers of the double bond(9,12,15) - linolenic acid -(6,9,12) You should change it into - linolenic acid). However, (Rule Lip-1.6) which you may use the position of the double bond for as an abbreviated form of the methods how the method to use Greek characters as a prefix enumerates positions. Or the position of the double bond may use Δ which is an abbreviated form of the IUPAC organic compound glossology (example Δ, Δ, Δ - linolenic acid). In addition, you may show fatty acid by the number of the carbon and the numerical combination (example 16:0 = palmitic acid, 18:1 = oleic acid) of the double bond. It is (18:0)acyl- and (Rule Lip-1.15) which you may express in the case of the acyl radical (in substitution for stearyl-). ) that n-9 and (n to show mean the number of the carbon of the fatty acid concerned as for the (in the case of a fatty acid group having double bond to the ninth from an example, the end) concretely when I show that I own the double bond at the same position from the fatty acid end (a position remotest from the basis). Or I show ω 9 (the Greek characters abbreviated form that ω shows the position of the double bond). In other words it is ω 9 and (Rule Lip-1.16) to name generally with double bond 18-9 of the oleic acid and 24-9 of the flannel Bonn acid. Generally a melting point falls when the number of the carbon shortens. The melting point is - 34.5 degrees Celsius with the pentanoic acid of number of the carbon 5. On the other hand, the melting point rises when the number of the carbon increases. The melting point of the thoria Kon tongue acid of number of the carbon 30 is 93.6 degrees Celsius. Number of the carbon 7 says with long chain fatty acid with the thing which is more than inside chain fatty acid, 12 with short chain fatty acid, a thing of eight 10 with the following things.